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Xi 8088

 

Introduction

Xi 8088 is an IBM PC/XT compatible processor board in ISA board form factor. It offers several enhancements over the standard IBM PC/XT, such as support of PS/2 keyboard and mouse and built-in real time clock with NVRAM (also known as CMOS setup memory).

 

Picture

 

 

Specifications

  • Processor: Intel 8088 or compatible, NEC V20.
    • Supports both standard 4.77MHz CPU clock and turbo, up to 13.33MHz CPU clock operation.
  • Coprocessor: Intel 8087.
  • RAM: Up to 832 KiB of usable system memory (640 KiB base memory, and up to 192 KiB UMB); Implemented using SRAM.
  • ROM: 128 KiB flash ROM. Configurable to either 64 KiB or 128 KiB.
  • 8-bit ISA interface with several ISA/AT signals
  • PS/2 compatible keyboard and mouse controller
  • One 8237 direct memory access controller (DMAC)
  • Two 8259 programmable interrupt controllers (PICs), supporting the total of 15 interrupts;  10 interrupts available for extension cards
  • One 8254 programmable interval timer (PIT)
  • One DS12885/DS12887 real time clock and non-volatile RAM (RTC/NVRAM) 

 

Firmware / BIOS (files are at the bottom of this page)

bios-0.9.0.tar.gz - Use bios128k-2.0.bin for programming new flash ROMs; use bios.bin with xiflash utility. Please refer to README.txt for more information about the BIOS.

xiflash-0.1.tar.gz - In system flash programming utility.

 

Hardware Documentation (files are at the bottom of this page)

 

Schematic

8088-SBC - Schematic - Color - 2.0.pdf

 

PCB Layout

8088-SBC - Board - Color - 2.0.pdf

 

Memory Map

Start Address
End Address
SizePurpose 
Comments 
0000h
 9FFFFh
640 KiBBase memory 
 
0A0000h 
0BFFFFh 
128 KiBDisplay memory 
Actual addresses and size might vary depending on the type of the video adapter
0C0000h 
0EFFFFh 
192 KiBUpper memory blocks (UMB) and BIOS extension ROMs
Consists of six 32 KiB user configurable blocks, can be either mapped to SRAM (to be used as UMB) or used for BIOS extension ROMs
0E0000h
0EFFFFh 
64 KiBOn-board BIOS extension ROM 
System flash ROM can be mapped here, so it can be used for BIOS extensions
0F0000h 
0FFFFFh 

64

KiB

System BIOS 
Currently BIOS uses only top 32 KiB of this space (0F8000h - 0FFFFFh). The other 32 KiB part is mapped to the flash ROM and can be used for BIOS extensions

 

I/O Ports Map

Port Address
Device and/or Function 
Write
Read
00h 
DMAC - Channel 0
Base/current address
Current address
01h 
DMAC - Channel 0Base/current word count 
Current word count
02h 
DMAC - Channel 1Base/current address
Current address
03h 
DMAC - Channel 1 
Base/current word count 
Current word count
04h 
DMAC - Channel 2
Base/current address
Current address
05h 
DMAC - Channel 2
Base/current word count 
Current word count
06hDMAC - Channel 3
Base/current address
Current address
07hDMAC - Channel 3
Base/current word count 
Current word count
08hDMAC - Command/Status RegisterWrite command registerRead status register
09hDMAC - Request RegisterWrite request registerN/A
0AhDMAC - Single mask register bitWrite single mask register bitN/A
0BhDMAC - More registerWrite mode registerN/A
0ChDMAC - Clear byte pointer flip-flopClear byte pointer flip-flopN/A
0DhDMAC - Master clear/Read temporary registerMaster clear
Read temporary register
0EhDMAC - Clear mask registerClear mask registerN/A
0FhDMAC - Write all mask register bitsWrite all mask register bitsN/A
10h-1FhAlias for 00h-0Fh (DMAC)  
20hMaster PIC  
21hMaster PIC  
22h-3FhAliases for 20h-21h (Master PIC)  
40hPIT - Channel 0  
41hPIT- Channel 1  
42hPIT- Channel 2  
43hPIT - Control Word
  
44h-5FhAliases for 40h-43h (PIT)  
60hKeyboard controller  
61hPort B - Bit 0

0 = Disable PIT Channel 2

1 = Enable PIT Channel 2

(Note: Channel 2 is connected to the speaker)

0 = PIT Channel 2 disabled

1 = PIT Channel 2 enabled

 Port B - Bit 1

0 = Disable speaker

1 = Enable speaker

0 = Speaker disabled

1 = Speaker enabled

 Port B - Bit 2

0 = Disable turbo mode

1 = Enable turbo mode

0 = Turbo mode disabled

1 = Turbo mode enabled

 Port B - Bit 3

0 = Disable I/O check NMI

1 = Enable I/O check NMI

(Note: Write 0 followed by 1 to clear the I/O check NMI state condition)

0 = I/O check NMI disabled

1 = I/O check NMI disabled

 Port B - Bit 4
N/A

PIT Channel 0 output divided by 2

(Toggles every 15 µs)

 Port B - Bit 5
N/A

PIT Channel 2 output

 

 Port B - Bit 6
N/A

0 = No NMI from I/O check

1 = NMI from I/O check

 Port B - Bit 7
N./AAlways reads as 0
62h-63hAliases for 60h-61h  
64hKeyboard controller  
65h-6FhAliases for 60h-04h  
70hRTC/NVRAM address, NMI control  
71hRTC/NVRAM data  
72h-7FhAliases for 70h-71h (RTC)  
80hDMA Page Register - Channel 1, POST register  
81hDMA Page Register - Channel 1  
82hDMA Page Register - Channel 1  
83hUnused  
84h-9FhAliases to 80h-83h  
0A0hSlave PIC  
0A1hSlave PIC  
0A2h-0BFhAliases to 0A0h-0A1h  
0C0h-0FFhUnused, reserved  
0100h-03FFhAvailable for extension cards  

 

Hardware Interrupts

Interrupt Number (IRQ#)
Default Software Interrupt NumberDevice 
Comment 

08hPIT - Channel 0 
Default Frequency is 18.2 Hz 

09hKBC - Keyboard 
 

0AhCascade to Slave PIC 
 

0BhAvailable 
 

0ChAvailable 
 
5
0DhAvailable 
 

0EhAvailable 
 
70FhAvailable 
870hRTC 
971hAvailableBIOS redirects IRQ9 to IRQ2 vector
1072hAvailable 
1173hAvailable 
1274hKBC - PS/2 Mouse, or AvailableCan be configured using jumper J3
1375hMath coprocessor exceptionBIOS redirects IRQ13 to NMI vector
1476hAvailable 
1577hAvailable 

 

Jumpers, Connectors, and Switches

 

P1 - PS/2 Keyboard

Pin 
Description 

Keyboard data
2Unused
3GND
4+5V
5Keyboard clock
6Unused

 

P2 - PS/2 Mouse

Pin 
Description 

Mouse data
2Unused
3GND
4+5V
5Mouse clock
6Unused

 

P3 - Speaker

Pin 
Description 

Speaker output 

Internal Speaker input *

Ground 
4+5V 

*Note: To enable internal speaker connect a jumper across pins 1-2

 

P4 - Power LED

Pin 
Description 

LED's anode (+) 

LED's cathode (-) 

 

P5 - Turbo LED

Pin 
Description 

LED's anode (+) 

LED's cathode (-) 

 

J1 - Reset Switch

Pin 
Description 

Ground 

Reset input 

 

J2 - Turbo Switch

Position 
Description 
none 
Turbo off 
1-2  
Turbo on 
2-3* 
Turbo is software controlled (Port 61h bit 2)

* Default setting

 

J3 - IRQ12

Position 
Description 
1-2* 
IRQ12 is PS/2 mouse interrupt - connected to the keyboard controller 
2-3* 
IRQ12 is connected to the ISA bus 

* Default setting

 

J4 - Enable ISA16 signals

Position  
Description 
1-2 
/MEMW is connected to ISA C10 (/MEMW)
3-4 
/MEMR is connected to ISA C9  (/MEMR)
5-6
LA17 is connected to ISA  C8 (LA17)
7-8 
LA18 is connected to ISA  C7 (LA18) 
9-10 
LA19 is connected to ISA  C6 (LA19) 
11-12 
ISA C2 - C5 (LA20 - LA23) are connected to ground 

Note: Set all jumpers for Cirrus Logic GD542x VGA cards, remove for all other cards.

 

J5 - Clear NVRAM

Position 
Description 
none* 
Normal operation 
1-2 
Clear NVRAM (CMOS setup memory) 

* Default setting

 

SW1 - Reset Switch

Press SW1 to reset the system

 

SW2 - Memory Configurations Switch

PositionDescription

ON = Map 0C0000h-0C7FFFFh to RAM 

ON = Map 0C8000h-0CFFFFFh to RAM 

ON = Map 0D0000h-0D7FFFFh to RAM 

ON = Map 0D8000h-0DFFFFFh to RAM 

ON = Map 0E0000h-0E7FFFFh to RAM 
6
ON = Map 0E0000h-0EFFFFFh to RAM 

ON =  64 KiB ROM starting from 0F0000h

OFF = 128 KiB ROM starting from 0E0000h


ON = Monochrome display (MDA)

OFF = Color display (CGA)

Notes:

  • SW2.7 must be ON if SW2.5 or SW2.6 are ON
  • VGA BIOS is usually mapped to 0C0000h-0C7FFFFh, when using VGA SW2.1 must be OFF

 

SW3 - I/O Wait States Configuration Switch

Position 
Description 
1*
ON = 1 I/O wait state 

ON = 2 I/O wait states

ON = 3 I/O wait states

ON = 4 I/O wait states 

* Default

Note: One and only one of SW3 switches must be on

 

Bill of Materials (BOM)

 

BOM Notes

 

BOM

Component type Reference
Description
Quantity
Possible sources and notes 
PCB Xi 8088 PCB Version 2.01Order from Sergey
Battery HolderBT1 
CR2032 batter holder, 20 mm lead spacing

Jameco 355434, Mouser 122-2620-GR122-2520-GR122-2420-GR, Radio Shack 270-009
Capacitor 
C1 - C46
0.1 uF ceramic, 5.08 mm lead spacing 
46 

Mouser 810-FK28X7R1H104K80-C323C104K5R

Jameco 25523

Capacitor 
C47 - C51 
10 uF ceramic, 5.08 mm lead spacing 

Mouser 810-FK24X5R1C106K

Note: Can be replaced with tantalum or electrolytic capacitors

Capacitor 
C52, C53
33 pF ceramic, 5.08 mm lead spacing 

Mouser 80-CK05BX330K-TR

Jameco 1947010

Note: Install only if using CMOS type of U1 82C84, for NMOS 8284 install R8 and R9 instead

Capacitor 
C54 
5-30 pF trimmer capacitor  

Mouser 81-TZ03R300F169B00

Jameco 136979

Capacitor 
C55-C58 
47 pF ceramic, 5.08 mm lead spacing 

Mouser 80-CK05BX470K-TR

Jameco 1947036

Capacitor 
C59 
0.01 uF ceramic, 5.08 mm lead spacing

Mouser 80-C322C103K1R5CA

Jameco 597281

DiodeD11N41481Jameco 36038179215; Mouser 512-1N4148771-1N4148-T/R
Diode 
D2, D3
Bi-level LED indicator 

Mouser 696-SSF-LXH240GYD

Jameco: Search for "Bi-Level LED", choose one with pins in square pattern (not in line)

FuseF11.1A polyfuse, 5.04 mm lead spacing1

Mouser 576-16R110BPR

Jameco 199912

Connector 
J1, J2, P3, P4, P5 
13x1 pin header 

Mouser 649-68000-113HLF
Connector 
J3 
3x1 pin header 

Jameco 109576; Mouser 649-69190-103HLF649-78229-103HLF 
Connector 
J4 
6x2 pin header 

Mouser 649-68021-212HLF
Connector 
J5 
2x1 pin header 

Jameco 108338; Mouser 649-78229-102HLF 
Connector 
P1 
6 pin Mini-DIN connector (Purple)

Mouser 806-KMDGX-6S-BS2715C (Purple)

Jameco 119475 (Black)

Connector 
P2 
6 pin Mini-DIN connector (Green)

Mouser 806-KMDGX-6S-BS3395C (Green)

Jameco 119475 (Black)

TransistorQ1PN2222A1Mouser 512-PN2222ATA
Resistor 
R1 
100 kOhm, 1/4 W
Mouser 291-100K-RC
Resistor 
R2, R4, R5
470 Ohm, 1/4 W3

Jameco 690785

Mouser 291-470-RC

Resistor 
R3 
10 kOhm, 1/4 W

Jameco 691104

Mouser 291-10K-RC 
Resistor 
R6 
1 kOhm, 1/4 W
Mouser 291-1K-RC 
Resistor 
R7 
33 Ohm, 1/4 W
Mouser 291-33-RC
ResistorR8, R9510 Ohm, 1/4 W2

Mouser 291-510-RC

Note: Install only if using NMOS type of U1 8284, for CMOS 82C84 install C52 and C53 instead

Resistor Array 
RR1 - RR3
10 kOhm, 10 pin, bussed resistor array
Mouser 266-10K-RC 
Resistor Array 
RR4, RR5
10 kOhm, 6 pin, bussed resistor array
Mouser 264-10K-RC
Resistor Array 
RR6 
470 Ohm, 6 pin, bussed resistor array
Mouser 264-470-RC
SpeakerSP112 mm speaker1Mouser 665-AT-1224TWTR
Switch 
SW1
6 mm tactile switch, right angle 

Mouser 653-B3F-3152
Switch 
SW2 
8 positions DIP switch 

Mouser 571-54356405
Switch 
SW3 
4 positions DIP switch 

Mouser 506-54356402
IC 
U1 
8284 or 82C84 clock generator

Avnet Express Intersil CP82C84AZ

Unicron Electronics (82C84)

IC 
U2 
8088, 80C88, NEC V20, or NEC V20HL CPU

Jameco 34358 (NEC V20, 8 Mhz), 52169 (8088, 8 MHz), 52142 (8088, 5 MHz)

Unicorn Electronics

Avnet Express Intersil IP80C88

Utsource, eBay

IC 
U3 
8087 FPU

8087 FPU is an optional part

Unicorn Electronics, Utsource, eBay

IC 
U4 
8288 or 82C88 bus controller

Avnet Express Intersil CP82C88Z

Unicorn Electronics 82C88

Note: AMD 8288 part is not recommended

IC 
U5, U6 
8259 or 82C59 PIC

Avnet Express Intersil CP82C59A-12Z

Jameco 52775

Unicorn Electronics 82C59 or 8259

ICU78237 or 82C37 DMAC1

Unicorn Electronics 82C37 or 8237

eBay

IC 
U8 
8254 or 82C54 PIT 

Mouser 968-CP82C54-10Z

Avnet Express CP82C54

Jameco 5271652708

Unicorn Electronics 82C54 or 8254

IC 
U9 
8242, 82C42, VT82C42N, HT6542B 

Note: Original 8242 and 82C42 chips (usually made by Intel, Mitsubishi, or NEC) are generic mircocontrollers. Make sure to get one with PS/2 keyboard controller firmware, or use a dedicated keyboard controller, such as VIA VT82C42N (recommended).
IC 
U10
DS12885 or DS12887 

Mouser 700-DS12885N

Mouser 700-DS12887A

Avnet Express DS12885N+

Avnet Express DS12887A+

Jameco 11945131194492 (DS12885)

Jameco 133452 (DS12887)

Note: DS12887 has a built-in battery and 32768 Hz crystal, no need to install BT1 and X2

IC 
U11, U12 
512 KiB SRAM, 32 pin DIP - AS6C4008-55PCN

Mouser 913-AS6C4008-55PCN

Jameco 1927617

IC 
U13 
128 KiB flash, 32 pin DIP - 39SF010, 29F010, 29C010

Mouser 804-39SF010A7CPHE804-GLS29EE010-70PHE

Jameco 242608242595242587

IC 
U14 
74LS670 or 74HCT670 

Mouser 595-SN74LS670N771-HCT670N652

Unicorn Electronics 74LS670

IC 
U15 - U17 
74F573 or 74ACT573 

Mouser 595-SN74F573NE4595-SN74F573N595-SN74ACT573N595-CD74ACT573E

Jameco 282642

Unicorn Electronics 74F573

IC 
U18 - U21 
74F245 or 74ACT245 

Mouser 595-SN74F245N771-NF245N602595-SN74ACT245N595-CD74ACT245E

Jameco 287144

Unicorn Electronics 74F245

IC 
U22, U23 
74F244 or 74ACT244 

Mouser 595-SN74F244N771-NF244N602595-SN74ACT244N595-CD74ACT244E863-MC74ACT244NG

Jameco 212054

Unicorn Electronics 74F244

ICU24 - U2674ALS175, 74AHCT175, or 74ACT1753

Mouser 595-SN74ALS175NE4595-SN74ALS175N595-CD74ACT175E

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS175, 74AHCT175

IC 
U27, U28 
74ALS139 or 74AHCT139
2

Mouser 595-SN74ALS139N595-SN74AHCT139N

Jameco 4662330126863773239011

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS139

IC 
U29
74ALS138 or 74AHCT138 

Mouser 595-SN74ALS138AN512-DM74ALS138N595-SN74AHCT138N

Jameco 466074660830123344927

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS138, 74AHCT138

IC 
U30 
74LS92 

Mouser 595-SN74LS92NE4

Jameco 48143

Unicorn Electronics 74LS92

IC 
U31 - U33
74ALS74 or 74AHCT74
3

Mouser 595-SN74ALS74AN512-DM74ALS74AN595-SN74AHCT74N

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS74, 74AHCT74

IC 
U34, U35 
74ALS32 or 74AHCT32 

Mouser 595-SN74ALS32N512-DM74ALS32N595-SN74AHCT32N

Jameco 441344746647467295515

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS32, 74AHCT32

IC 
U36 
74ALS20 or 74ACT20 

Mouser 595-SN74ALS20ANE4595-SN74ALS20AN595-CD74ACT20EE4595-CD74ACT20E

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS20

IC 
U37 
74ALS11, 74AHCT11, or 74ACT11 

Mouser 595-SN74ALS11AN595-SN74ACT11N

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS11

IC 
U38 
74LS06 

Mouser 595-SN74LS06N

Jameco 46359

Unicorn Electronics 74LS06

ICU3974F04, 74ACT041

Mouser 595-SN74F04N595-SN74ACT04N

Note: This IC should have higher output current (about 20 mA), 74LS04, 74ALS04, or 74AHCT04 can be used, but it might result in stability issues especially on higher CPU frequency.

IC 
U40 
74ALS04, 74AHCT04
1

Mouser 595-SN74ALS04BNE4595-SN74ALS04BN595-SN74AHCT04NE4

Jameco 970621

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS04, 74AHCT04

IC 
U41, U42
74ALS02, 74AHCT02 
2

Mouser 595-SN74ALS02ANE4595-SN74ALS02AN595-SN74AHCT02N

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS02, 74AHCT02

IC 
U43 - U45 
74ALS00, 74AHCT00 

Mouser 595-SN74ALS00AN595-SN74AHCT00NE4595-SN74AHCT00N

Jameco 245294

Unicorn Electronics 74ALS00, 74AHCT00

Crystal Oscillator 
U46 

Turbo clock oscillator

24 MHz


Note: U46 frequency should be desired CPU turbo frequency multiplied by 3 (24 MHz for 8 MHz CPU, 30 MHz for 10 MHz CPU, etc.

Mouser 774-MXO45-3C-24.0 (24 MHz)

Jameco 2135321 (24 MHz), 325438 (30 MHz)

IC Socket 
U2, U3, U7, U9 
40 pin 600 mil DIP socket 

Mouser 517-4840-6000-CP649-DILB40P223TLF

Jameco 41111

IC Socket 
U11 - U13 
32 pin 600 mil DIP socket 

Mouser 517-4832-6000-CP649-DILB32P223TL

Jameco 112301

IC Socket 
U5, U6 
28 pin 600 mil DIP socket
Mouser 517-4828-6000-CP649-DILB28P223TLF
IC Socket 
U8, U10 
24 pin 600 mil DIP socket
Mouser 517-4824-6000-CP 
IC Socket 
U4, U15 - U23 
20 pin 300 mil DIP socket10 

Mouser 517-4820-3000-CP649-DILB20P-223TLF

Jameco 112248

IC Socket 
U1 
18 pin 300 mil DIP socket
Mouser 517-4818-3000-CP
IC Socket 
U14,  U24 - U29
16 pin 300 mil DIP socket

Mouser 517-4816-3000-CP649-DILB16P-223TLF

Jameco 37373

IC Socket 
U30 - U45 
14 pin 300 mil DIP socket16 

Jameco 37162

Mouser 517-4814-3000-CP649-DILB14P-223TLF

Oscillator Socket 
U46 
4 pin 300 mil DIP full can oscillator socket 

Mouser 535-1107741

Jameco 133006

Crystal 
X1 
14.31818 MHz AT cut crystal 

Mouser 73-XT49S1431-20
Crystal 
X2
32768 Hz tune fork crystal 

Mouser 732-C002RX32.76K-EPB695-CFS206-327KB-U

Jameco 14584

ISA Mounting Bracket 
 Keystone 9205

Mouser 534-9205

Need to drill holes for PS/2 connectors, LEDs and the reset switch

Screw 
HOLE1, HOLE2 
Screw 4-40 diameter, 1/4" length 

Mouser 534-9900

 

Replacement Notes

  • Intel 8xxx ICs - Either CMOS  (8xCxx) or NMOS/TTL ICs can be used. CMOS and particularly NEC V20 CPU and Intersil 82Cxx peripheral ICs are preferred because of their lower power consumption and higher performance
  • 74xx logic ICs - Advanced TTL-LS (74ALS, 74F) or advanced TTL compatible CMOS (74AHCT, 74ACT) are recommended, especially for turbo CPU clock frequencies. Some parts (74LS92, 74LS06, 74LS670) are not available in these series, so regular 74LS and 74HCT should be used. With that being said most of logic parts are not very speed sensitive, especially if running on standard 4.77 MHz clock, with exception of 74ALS74 in wait state generator, so generally 74LS series ICs can be used. 74F and 74ACT are preferred parts for bus driving circuits (74x244, 74x245, 74x573)
  • For higher clock frequency (more than 8 MHz) along with 74ALS or 74AHCT for most logic, it is recommended to use faster U31, U32, U24 and U25. For example 74F or 74ACT series.
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